Quantum computers, devices that perform computations by exploiting quantum mechanical phenomena, have the potential to outperform classical computers on some tasks and optimization problems. In recent years, research teams at both academic institutions and IT companies have been trying to realize this predicted better performance for specific problems, which is broadly known as 'quantum advantage.'
). In their recent study, Zhu's team performed a proof-of-principle demonstration of these protocols, using an ion trap quantum computer."We arranged the qubits into several segments according to their functions throughout the interactive computation," Zhu explained."At each readout stage, we split the target segments apart from the rest of the qubits and shuttle them away to perform readout.
"On one hand, we successfully integrated mid-circuit measurements into arbitrary quantum circuits with sufficiently high overall fidelity using long ion chains," Zhu said."This could be applied to many other interactive algorithms. On the other hand, our demonstration, when suitably scaled to larger systems, promises the efficient verification of quantum computational advantage.
The new protocols introduced and evaluated by this team of researchers has notable advantages over other existing methods to test quantum advantage. For instance, compared to Shor's algorithm, which is also efficiently verifiable, their protocol can be implemented with one order of magnitude fewer quantum gate operations.could be implemented and evaluated in other experiments.
"From a theoretical perspective, we are now interested in applying interactive protocols to other tasks such as certifiable random number generation, remote state preparation and verifying arbitrary quantum computations," Zhu added."Experimentally, using the mid-circuit measurement capability, we are also excited to explore new phenomena, like entanglement phase transitions, as well as the demonstration of coherent feedback protocols, including quantum error correction.
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