Scientists show that so-called senescent cells, i.e., cells that have permanently stopped dividing, boost production of new muscle cells to enhance regeneration of lost limbs in salamanders. Senescent cells, linked to aging and disease, may also have regenerative properties. Studying salamanders,
The salamander species studied by the Yun group: a red spotted newt. By studying salamanders, which have remarkable regenerative abilities, researchers discovered that the presence of senescent cells speeds up the limb regeneration process. The cells secrete factors that signal mature muscle fibers to dedifferentiate into muscle progenitor cells, enhancing regeneration.
Senescent cells are cells that have permanently stopped dividing in response to cellular stress but have not died. As organisms age, the number of senescent cells in the body increases. This accumulation is currently considered one of the hallmarks of aging and has been linked to a variety of diseases, including cancer. However, the true nature of these cells may be more complex and context-dependent.
“When more senescent cells were present in the wound, the animals developed a larger regeneration bud, or – as we call it – blastema. This is a collection of cells that are going to form all the needed tissues in the new limb. The larger the blastema, the more cells are there to regrow the limb and the quicker the regeneration process. The presence of senescent cells seemed to ‘fuel’ the regeneration process,” Dr. Yun says.
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