How mass extinctions can help scientists find complex alien life

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How mass extinctions can help scientists find complex alien life
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Conor Feehly is a New Zealand-based science writer. He has earned a master's in science communication from the University of Otago, Dunedin. His writing has appeared in Cosmos Magazine, Discover Magazine and ScienceAlert.

Jam packed issues filled with the latest cutting-edge research, technology and theories delivered in an entertaining and visually stunning way, aiming to educate and inspire readers of all agesThroughout its 4.5 billion-year history, Earth has endured numerous mass extinctions, each of which has wiped out more than three-quarters of the planet's species and greatly reduced its biodiversity.

In that era, the vast number of adapted anaerobic species — those that could not tolerate the high-oxygen environment — went extinct."The deep oceans weren't oxidized by this point, and they likely gave refuge to life that wasn't used to oxygen," Nicholson said.

"Because life is always building on what came before, if life doesn't go completely extinct, we see the system tend towards complexity," Nicholson said. Even if the total population of organisms is reduced during an extinction event, whatever life is left over still has the evolutionary innovations, metabolisms and structures that were developed before.

If evolutionary innovation and complexity are stunted during such stable states, it might make sense that, to find complex life, we should search for planets or moons that might undergo periods of stress, Nicholson said.

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