The incidence of otitis media among children aged 0-12 years declined during the pandemic, a new study finds. Why?
Signs and symptoms of inflammatory disease of the middle ear
High-resolution CT scanning has allowed better detection of acute otomastoiditis, while gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is currently the imaging modality of choice to aid in the diagnosis of intracranial venous thrombosis and intracranial abscess. Some physician groups advocate observation and withholding antibiotics in children with uncomplicated AOM and no comorbid factors.The withholding of antibiotics is based on diagnostic certainty, age, severity of the illness, and means for adequate follow-up. Observation involves monitoring the child for resolution of symptoms within 48-72 hours and reevaluating the patient at this time.
Myringotomy is reserved for AOM associated with severe otalgia or high fever in patients who have had a poor response to antibiotics. Myringotomy is also indicated when a suppurative complication is present, in children who are acutely ill, in cases of AOM that occur during antibiotic treatment, in newborns, and in patients with primary or secondary immunodeficiency in whom an unusual organism may be present.
Resolution frequently occurs, but, if the condition is prolonged for some reason, such as the inability of the secretions to drain down the eustachian tube, the number of glands and goblet cells increases, and the areas formerly covered by a cuboidal or flat epithelium change into areas of a similar but perhaps less well-differentiated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Differentiation into squamous epithelium, most frequently nonkeratinized, can also occur.
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