Following a stroke, the brain’s own repair processes can lead to a strong recovery in people such as Senate candidate John Fetterman
John Fetterman, a Democratic candidate in a highly watched Pennsylvania Senate race against television personality Mehmet Oz, known as Dr. Oz, suffered an ischemic stroke—the obstruction of a vessel that supplies blood to a part of the brain—in May. The blockage causes brain cells to be starved of essential oxygen and nutrients. Within minutes, the cells start to die.
The fundamental mysteries include how the surviving brain regions after a stroke take over the functions of language and why this reorganization process is more successful in some people than others, says Stephen Wilson, head of the Language Neuroscience Laboratory at Vanderbilt University. “There’s a lot to learn,” he adds.
In fact, a study published this month in PNAS found that, following a stroke in an infant’s left hemisphere, the language network flips over to the right hemisphere. The investigation’s participants, who ranged from nine to 26 years old, have lived very normal and healthy lives despite their early-life strokes, says Elissa Newport, lead author of the study and director of the Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery at Georgetown University.
Consequently, the location of the stroke is a big determinant in whether someone will be able to recover from their aphasia or not. In a study published in April in Brain, Wilson’s lab recruited 334 adults with a left hemisphere stroke, including 218 who were experiencing aphasia, and found that those with a lesion near the front of the brain recovered well from their initial aphasia.
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