It's known that individuals living with HIV infection have an increased risk for cardiovasculardisease, but the underlying pathology behind this observation remains unclear. MedTwitter
The authors identified 45 studies including 5218 people living with HIV and 2414 uninfected individuals.
However, the underlying etiology of HIV-associated cardiac pathology and whether its association observed with HIV remains true in regions of high endemicity still remains unclear, they add. He pointed out that one of the main problems is that the vast majority of the studies of cardiovascular imaging in individuals with HIV were conducted in North America and Europe whereas the vast majority of individuals living with HIV are in Africa.
"Overall, we know that cardiovascular disease is a big problem in individuals with HIV but the majority of studies of cardiovascular imaging in people with HIV have been done in a misrepresented population, and the results are too variable to draw any specific conclusions," he added. "While links have been shown between both acute and chronic viral infections and cardiovascular disease in population and epidemiological studies, the mechanistic studies are lacking. The common pathologic mechanism is likely to be inflammation, but we don't really understand how exactly this affects the heart and blood vessels."
These included a higher prevalence of myocardial fibrosis and higher vascular inflammatory measurements on PET imaging in individuals with HIV than in controls.coronary atherosclerosis
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