The 'worm-like aurora' spanned half of the Red Planet.
A diagram showing where the discrete auroras were spotted at the Red Planet, based on Emirates Mars Mission data.
Previously studied types of Martian auroras are caused by a variety of factors. The discrete aurora, for example, apparently occurs above magnetic minerals in the planet's crust, while the proton aurora is caused by interactions between the, which is the constant stream of charged particles that flows off our sun, and hydrogen in the thin Martian atmosphere.
The newly identified sinuous discrete aurora is likely more similar origin to the diffuse aurora, which are caused by intense solar storms, according to the statement. Hope gathered its observations in ultraviolet light as a solar storm struck Mars. Conveniently, such solar storms will likely occur more frequently in the years leading up to 2025, when the sun's 11-yearScientists hope that better understanding the appearance of the sinuous discrete aurora and other auroral features could hone their understanding of the solar wind and the ways Martian magnetism affects the planet.
"Since those first observations of the discrete aurora, we have continued to see incredible new patterns of aurora that open new insights into the interactions of charged particles in the Martian atmosphere," Al Matroushi said."There is a very great deal of new information here for the EMM [Emirates Mars Mission] science team to work with."
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