What did the sun look like before the devastating 1859 Carrington Event? Sketches from astronomer Richard Carrington hold the answer.
On Sept. 1, 1859, British astronomer Richard Carrington was investigating a strange cluster of dark blobs in the sun's atmosphere when a bright blast of light caught his eye. Shining for nearly five minutes, the flash would later make history as the first recorded solar flare ever observed — but Carrington's name would ultimately become synonymous with the violent solar storm that slammed into Earth less than 48 hours later.
Unbeknownst to Carrington but well understood by modern astronomers, the size and quantity of sunspots visible at a given moment tie directly to the sun's 11-year cycle of electromagnetic activity. When more and bigger sunspots are visible, the sun is usually building toward the peak of its cycle, known as the solar maximum.
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