Enlightenment or spiritual awakening can be investigated psychologically, and measured using this scale.
There are four domains of spiritual awakening: perceptual, subjective, intersubjective, and conceptual.Source: Pikosokz/Shutterstock
Different traditions emphasize some characteristics more than others and recommend different techniques to cultivate them. But all spiritual traditions explore the same domains of higher human experience. You could compare traditions to walkers or climbers in different locations in a landscape. Since they all have different vantage points, they encounter different aspects of the landscape and describe it in slightly different ways.
Next, we worked with a team of German researchers at the Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg. They translated the scale into German and tested it with 366 participants. Although three English items didn't work well in translation, a 16-item German scale version was found to be reliable. The German scale was compared to other established measures to look for correlations.
I identify eight essential qualities of wakefulness and offer exercises, meditations, and discussions to develop each quality. The book's basic idea is that by cultivating these qualities, we can cultivate wakefulness itself.
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