Unlocked enzyme structure shows how strigolactone hormone controls plant growth NaturePlants nature
, that governs numerous processes of growth and development, including branching and root architecture.". MAX2 was found in locked or unlocked forms that can recruit a strigolactone sensor, D14, and target for destruction a DNA transcriptional repressor complex, D53. Ubiquitins are small proteins, found in all eukaryotes, that"tag" other proteins for destruction within a cell.
"We leveraged structure-guided approaches to systemically mutate MAX2 enzyme in Arabidopsis and created a MAX2 stuck in an unlocked form," said Shabek."Some of these mutations were made by guiding CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, thus providing us a discovery platform to study and analyze the different signaling outputs and illuminate the role of MAX2 dynamics."and biochemically decorate them with small ubiquitin proteins, tagging them for destruction.
Finally, the study uncovered the key to the lock, an organic acid metabolite that can directly trigger the conformational switch. "Beyond the implication in plant signaling, this is the first work that placed a primary metabolite as a direct new regulator of this type of ubiquitin ligase enzymes and will open new avenues of study in this direction," Shabek said.
Additional coauthors on the paper are specialist Mily Ron and Professor Anne Britt, Department of Plant Biology. X-ray crystallography data was obtained at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy user facility.
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