Discover essential web image optimization techniques for 2024. Learn best practices for image compression, responsive images, lazy loading, and serving images.
⚡️ Intro: images affect your performance, SEO, and cloud costs Images are a vital part of the user experience. However, if not managed properly, they can significantly impact your site's performance. Poorly optimized images can lead to slow load times and high bandwidth usage, which can affect your site’s Web Vitals — key metrics Google uses to evaluate page performance. These metrics include Largest Contentful Paint , Interaction to Next Paint , and Cumulative Layout Shift .
’s lossy compression provides excellent quality at smaller file sizes by efficiently encoding image data, while its lossless compression maintains original quality with highly effective compression. Images can be up to 10x smaller than JPEGs of similar visual quality. It includes support for monochrome images and multichannel images, including transparent images that use the alpha channel.
WebP, developed by Google, is a versatile format that supports almost all same features - lossy and lossless compression, transparency, animation. And it’s totally viable for all the same use-cases as is your default choice, if processing power or encoding speed is not a concern. Otherwise - consider WebP. SVG SVG is a vector image format that uses XML to define shapes and paths, making it resolution-independent and infinitely scalable without losing quality. Unlike raster formats, SVG does not use traditional compression methods because it represents images as geometric shapes and paths rather than pixel data.
, WebP, or PNG allows images to be decoded progressively, similar to progressive JPEGs, so users see a low-quality version of the image almost immediately, which progressively improves in quality. This reduces the perceived load time. Increased file size. Incremental encoding process might slightly increase the file size compared to a non-progressive
allows multiple requests and responses to be sent over a single connection simultaneously. This reduces the overhead of establishing multiple connections and improves the parallel loading of resources, including images. Setting Cache-Control Headers for Images The Cache-Control header allows you to define how long a browser should cache an image before revalidating it with the server.
is supported by all major browsers Since January 2024, Use Cases for in NodeJS: https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/ https://sharp.pixelplumbing.com/ Convert to provides even better one. Encoding images can be slower than WebP So, it seems like , PNG is still the safest choice. Universal Compatibility: Lossless Images: When absolute lossless quality is required, PNG remains the go-to format. Lossless Images: Transparency and Simplicity: For simple graphics, logos, or icons where transparency is needed, and the extra compression efficiency of
and WebP offer transparency with better compression; PNG for universal compatibility Animated Images and WebP offer transparency with better compression; PNG for universal compatibility Animated Images or WebP Superior compression and quality , good compression and quality with broader support Superior compression and quality , good compression and quality with broader support Graphics with Transparency
, WebP, or PNG of video . Increased file size. Use-cases: Use-cases: High-Resolution Images: For high-res heavy images where the initial load time is significant, incremental encoding can provide a better user experience. Content-Rich Websites: Websites with many images, such as e-commerce sites or photography portfolios, can benefit from faster perceived loading times.
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