What is the heliocentric model and why is it important?

Who proposed the heliocentric model?

Aristarchus identified the central fire with the Sun and built a model where all the planets in the solar system described an orbit around it. He also correctly calculated the order and the distance to the Sun of the known planets.

In contrast, most ancient Greek philosophers held that the heavens were arranged in perfectly round circles around the Earth. One problem with this theory was that the planets sometimes appeared to stop in their orbit of Earth and move retrograde across the sky. In the second century A.D.

The geocentric model proposed by Aristotle and Ptolomy overshadowed Aristarchus' astronomical ideas in the West until Copernicus revived them in the 1500s. In Copernicus’ time, astronomers were increasingly struggling with mathematical and observational inconsistencies in the Ptolemaic systemCopernicus' theory had several issues. One of which was the question of why objects would fall to the ground if the Earth was not the center of the universe.

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