Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment in recent years by enabling the immune system to attack tumor cells.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine Sep 12 2024 However, only 20-40% of patients respond positively to immunotherapy, and these rates vary across different types of cancer. Predicting which patients will respond to immunotherapy and which will not is currently a highly active area of research. Numerous studies conducted so far have focused on the specific characteristics of tumours, their microenvironment, or the patient's immune system.
We used an unbiased approach to analyse thousands of molecular and clinical features and identified five independent factors that influence response to immunotherapy and patient survival." Five factors, five keys to immunotherapy The five factors identified are: tumour mutational burden; effective T cell infiltration; the activity of transforming growth factor beta in the tumour microenvironment; previous treatment received by the patient; and tumour proliferative potential.
Validation in international cohorts One of the highlights of this study is the validation of these five factors in six independent cohorts of patients with cancers such as lung, colon and melanoma. "We have confirmed that these factors are relevant in different types of cancer and different patient populations, thus reinforcing their clinical value. As research continues, new latent factors may be discovered in other types of cancer or larger cohorts," explains Dr.
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